pagepiper/docs/reference/architecture.md

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# Architecture
## Overview
```
Browser (Vue 3 SPA)
|
nginx (static + /api proxy)
|
FastAPI backend
├── BM25Index (in-process, rank-bm25)
├── Retriever (BM25 + optional vector)
├── Synthesizer (LLMRouter → Ollama)
└── SQLite (page_chunks + metadata)
+
sqlite-vec (vectors)
```
## Ingest pipeline
```
PDF / EPUB file
├─ PDFExtractor (pdfminer + OCR fallback) ← circuitforge_core
│ or
└─ EPUBExtractor (BeautifulSoup + heading chunking)
text_clean.py (strip artifacts)
INSERT INTO page_chunks
Ollama embed (batches of 64) ← BYOK gate
sqlite-vec upsert
```
## Retrieval
Hybrid search merges BM25 and semantic results with a 50/50 score blend:
1. BM25 queries the in-process index (no round-trip to DB)
2. Semantic query embeds the user query via Ollama, fetches `top_k * 20` nearest vectors, filters by `doc_id` in Python
3. Hits are merged: BM25 scores and vector scores combined; BM25 hits take priority
4. Top `k` results are ranked, then adjacent pages (page ± 1) are fetched to restore context for mid-sentence chunk boundaries
## Storage
| File | Format | Contents |
|------|--------|---------|
| `pagepiper.db` | SQLite | `documents`, `page_chunks`, `chat_feedback` |
| `pagepiper_vecs.db` | sqlite-vec | `page_vecs` virtual table + `page_vecs_meta` |
The vector database stores one row per page chunk. If the embedding model changes, Pagepiper detects the dimension mismatch at startup (reads `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` DDL from `sqlite_master`), deletes the vec DB, and queues a background re-embed.
## Licensing boundary
| Component | License |
|-----------|---------|
| BM25 search, ingest pipeline, library API | MIT |
| Hybrid vector search, RAG chat, embedding | BSL 1.1 (BYOK unlocked on Free tier) |