pagepiper/docs/user-guide/search.md
pyr0ball 89a58ec9b0 feat: replace nomic-embed-text retriever with Agent-ModernColBERT
Bi-encoder embeddings collapse a whole query into one vector, losing
multi-part reasoning structure — queries like "the procedure for setting
an IP on an AVC-X" or "what is the action economy for a fighter casting
a spell while prone" lose nuance. Agent-ModernColBERT is a late-interaction
retriever: per-token embeddings, scored via MaxSim at query time, built
specifically for agentic/multi-hop queries.

Implements Option A from the issue (in-process, via `pylate`) rather than
Option B (managed cf-orch service) — cf-orch already has `agent-moderncolbert`
registered in model_registry.yaml with a `pagepiper/retrieve` assignment
in assignments.yaml pointing at it and referencing this issue directly,
someone had already pre-wired that side.

- app/services/colbert_index.py: new ColBERTIndex class, mirrors
  BM25Index's dirty-flag/rebuild-from-SQLite pattern exactly — no
  separate per-shelve indexing step needed, just mark_dirty() on the
  same callback that already marks BM25 dirty.
- app/services/retriever.py: hybrid_search's semantic half now merges
  BM25 with ColBERT MaxSim scores (min-max normalized per-batch, since
  MaxSim is unbounded unlike the old sqlite-vec L2-distance path) instead
  of Ollama-embed + sqlite-vec cosine. BM25 merge/rank/per-doc-cap/
  adjacent-chunk-window logic is unchanged.
- app/main.py / app/deps.py: per-user ColBERTIndex registry, same
  pattern as the existing per-user BM25Index registry.
- Existing BYOK tier gate preserved exactly (llm is None check) — this
  is a retrieval-technology swap, not a tier/licensing change. The
  ColBERT model runs locally via pylate with no Ollama dependency, but
  gating still follows product tiering.
- 12 new tests. pylate is intentionally NOT installed in the dev/test
  env — see the cf-sysadmin skill's "Known Gotchas" for why (installing
  it directly into the shared `cf` conda env broke several other
  services' torch/transformers pins on 2026-07-10). Tests inject fake
  pylate modules via sys.modules instead.

Known follow-up (not addressed here): shelve scripts still compute and
store Ollama embeddings into `page_vecs` at shelve time — that table is
no longer read by search/chat now that retrieval uses the ColBERT index.
Removing the now-redundant embedding step is separate cleanup.

Closes: #8
2026-07-10 19:02:12 -07:00

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Markdown

# Search
BM25 full-text search is available on the Free tier with no Ollama required.
## Using search
1. Click **Search** in the navigation bar
2. Type a phrase or keyword — results appear as you submit
3. Results show the source document, page number, a text excerpt, and a BM25 relevance score
## Filtering by document
Use the document selector to restrict results to one or more specific books. This is useful when your library spans many documents and you know which one contains the answer.
## BM25 scoring
BM25 (Best Match 25) ranks pages by term frequency weighted against how rare each term is across the whole corpus. A page that uses your query term frequently AND that term is rare across all documents ranks highest.
!!! tip
For short queries like "chimes" or "protocol", BM25 tends to surface later chapters where the term appears repeatedly in action scenes. If you want the introductory definition, try a longer phrase like "what are the chimes" to give BM25 more signal.
## Hybrid search (requires Ollama)
When Ollama is configured, the Chat endpoint uses hybrid search behind the scenes: BM25 results are merged with Agent-ModernColBERT late-interaction results using a 50/50 score blend. The Search page always uses BM25 only.